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“We must RE-ENVISION postpartum care for
women as an on-going process rather than a few
single-encounters”
• The purpose of this proposal is to discuss the rise of
maternal mortality of minority women in New York City.
The target population is minority women because of
the lack of resources and education
• The research question is, how is maternal mortality
prevented within minority women?
ENHANCE EDUCATION
• Create a shift in focus by
fostering individualized,
woman-centered care.
• Use resources to support
women of diverse
backgrounds.
• Routine racial bias training to
end unconscious bias.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
DIVERSIFY
HEALTHCARE
PROVIDERS
• Create a diverse board of
healthcare professionals to
establish a set standard.
• Educate clients on
potentially fatal
complications such as
maternal hemorrhage and
embolism.
• The lack of proper health care among minority women is the primary
reason why the maternal mortality rate in the United States is higher
compared to other countries around the world.
• Studies have shown that women of minority are less likely to be offered
proper medical services and treatment.
• In 2012, an analysis of 20 years of published research in the United States
found that African American patients reporting pain were 22% less likely
than white patients to get pain medication from their doctors.5
• According to the Center for Disease Control3 black women are 12 times
more likely to die during pregnancy and childbirth than white women,
and are three times more likely to suffer from life threatening
complications.
• Better serve the high volume
of minority women in NYC.
• Offer a variety of health
services.
• Improve connections between
patients and providers.
ESTABLISH
STANDARDIZED
GUIDELINES
▪ New York City is known to be one of the most diverse cities
in the United States, ranking fourth in the country based on
7
2010 census data.
▪ Poverty and unemployment are an issue for the community
of New York. In recent years, the number of affordable rental
apartments in New York City has declined and more
households are devoting at least 30 percent of their income
toward rent.
▪ Individuals living below the federal poverty level is 21% and
2
unemployment is 11%.
▪ Of the people who live in the community of New York, 15%
are current smokers, 27% of adults report drinking one or
more 12 ounce sugar beverages, 77% of adults report not
getting any physical activity in the last 30 days, 24% of
adults who are obese, 10% report having diabetes, 907 of
2
drug-related hospitalizations per 100,000 adults.
▪ New York legislation has been created in efforts to combat
the disparity in social classes, more specifically housing
which is directly correlated with health.
▪ It is reported that 20% of adults report not having health
insurance and 7.4% receiving late prenatal care or no
prenatal care.
▪ Currently the community is not handling the problem well.
INCREASE MATERNAL
HEALTH SERVICES
• Provide leadership
opportunities for women of
all backgrounds.
• Create scholarships and
educational opportunities to
under-represented
individuals who meet
scholastic criteria.
Census.gov. (n.d.). (2019) Retrieved from https://census.gov/
Dragan KL, King L, Hinterland K, Gwynn RC. (2015). Community health profiles atlas 2015. Retrieved
from https://www1.nyc.gov/assets/doh/downloads/pdf/data/2015_CHP_Atlas.pdf
Harper, M., Dugan, E., Espeland, M., Martinez -Borges, A., & Mcquellon, C. (2007). Why
African-American women are at greater risk for pregnancy-related death. Annals of Epidemiology, 17(3),
180-185. Retrieved from https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article
New York State Taskforce. (2019). Maternal mortality and disparate racial outcomes . Retrieved from
https://www.governor.ny.gov/sites/governor.ny.gov/files
New York City Department of Health. (2016). Health department releases report on severe maternal
morbidity. Retrieved from https://www1.nyc.gov/site/doh
Novello, A. N., & King, Jeffrey. (2004). Health Advisory: Prevention of Maternal Deaths Through Improved
Management of Hemorrhage. Retrieved from
https://www.health.ny.gov/professionals/protocols_and_guidelines/maternal_hemorrhage/docs/health_advis
ory_update.pdf .
Schonfeld, R. C., & Sweeney, L. (2016). Diversity in the New York City Department of Cultural Affairs
Community. https://doi.org/10.18665/sr.276381
�
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Title
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Senior Presentations Archive
Description
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This archive contains materials from Wagner’s annual ‘Senior Presentations.’ This event honors outstanding students from each discipline who completed their Senior Learning Community project with excellence. The work is representative of Wagner’s highest standards, and is exemplary of the diversity of subject matter, public-facing scholarship, and civic-minded professionalism our students have attained through their four years here. These students were specially invited to present their work in a formal setting, traditionally the day of Baccalaureate. Students are encouraged to present their work in a format appropriate for their discipline, and so, the presentations vary in their format. Some might be in the form of a short video, or paper abstracts, while others might be posters or music clips. We expect this archive to serve as a resource for generations to come. Congratulations to our Seniors!
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Wagner College, Staten Island, NY
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2020
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2020-nursing-Dukanovic Sinanovic Stolecki
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Dukanovic, Amara<br />Sinanovic, Sabrina<br />Stolecki, Anastazia
Date
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5/1/2020
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A Grave Injustice The Rise of Maternal Mortality Among Minority Women in New York City
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Evelyn L. Spiro School of Nursing
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Wagner College, Staten Island, NY
Nursing
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b99926664035346177a5e3ae15939a4e
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Antimicrobial Resistance in the Maasai Community
Megha Biju WCSN, Marissa Stavola WCSN, Antoinette Nuara WCSN
Wagner College Evelyn L. Spiro School of Nursing
Introduction
Problem in the Community: Antimicrobial Resistance
• The Maasai tribe is in northern Tanzania, Kenya, which is the
most visible cultural group in Africa today. It is estimated the “total
Maasai population is about 883,000 which is approximately half of
the living in Kenya and other held of Tanzania,” (2).
• The Maasai's cultural norm is to practice little to no livestock
hygiene. With this cultural acceptance, livestock often become
ridden with harmful microbes. This has caused many families in
this community to be exposed to microbes resulting in potentially
fatal illnesses (4).
• In the Republic of Keyna antimicrobials are unregulated allowing
for easy accessibility to this medication. Many tribes, like the
Maasai tribe, will unknowingly administer improper amounts of
antimicrobial medications to sicken livestock (4).
• This has presented itself to be problematic, causing Maasai tribe
to have high prevalent rates of microbial infections and
antimicrobial resistance.
• Community education is needed on transmission prevention of
microbial infections, which includes proper personal hygiene,
proper livestock preparation and medication and knowledge on
proper antimicrobial usage.
Community Assessment and Analysis
• The Maasai tribe has not changed too much over the past
30 years. They try to stay with traditions, and again, try to
stay away from the outside government of Kenya.
• Their main source of living is livestock. “Cattle, goats and
sheep are the primary source of income for the Maasai (5)
• This community has been using their livestock to test
antimicrobial medication, Oxytetracycline. This drug is also
cheap and easily available for them to test the resistance of
this antibiotic (4).
• Statistics show that almost 71% of Maasai children have
contracted pneumonia (6).
• 33% of new babies in this country are born infected with
HIV/AIDS and 50% of those children dying before the age
of two because they and their mothers cannot receive
proper treatment (6).
• Almost 52% of the contaminated food is filled with worms
which are ingested causing GI issues (4).
• The Kenyan government has instituted programs towards
behavior changes from the traditional semi-nomadic life for
the Maasai. “community health intervention” which will
educate the Maasai community about microbial resistance
(6).
Antimicrobial resistance occurs when microorganisms such as
bacteria, fungi, viruses, and parasites change when they are
exposed to antimicrobial drugs such as antibiotics, antifungals,
antivirals, and antimalarials (1).
Factors that contribute to antimicrobial resistance:
• Overuse and misuse of antibiotics in people and animals
• Not finishing the full course of antibiotics
• Poor infection control
• Inadequate sanitary conditions
• Inappropriate food-handling
• This community has easy access to unregulated over the counter
antibiotics that lead to a high incidence of purchasing these drugs
for treating animals as well as humans when they fall ill. This
community does not have adequate medical clinics, therefore,
they do not have access to appropriate care needed to treat
different infections.
• Research found that greater than 95% of Maasai households selfadminister antibiotics to their livestock while 75% of those
households administer these antibiotics without consulting
professional veterinarians or livestock officers (6).
• This community does not adhere to the withdrawal period of
antibiotics when caring for their cattle. The Maasai tribe members
are constantly interacting and consuming the livestock which
leads to a higher transmission rate for diseases.
• In relation to other tribes within northern Tanzania, Maasai
families attend their health clinic 11% more than the Arusha
families, and 27% more than the Chagga families (6).
• The most commonly used antibiotic in the Maasai community is oxytetracycline.
• If an animal doesn’t respond to the treatment the owner will raise the dosage or switch to a different treatment.
• Maasai men reported administering the same antibiotic dosage regardless of how much the animal weighed
(6). Incorrect dosing is one of the biggest risk factors contributing to antimicrobial resistance because the dose
is either too high and remains within the system for longer periods of time, therefore making the withdrawal
period much longer. On the other hand, if the dose is too low it will not be enough to terminate the infection
within the animal’s body.
• In the United States it is estimated that at least 2.8 million people contract an antibiotic-resistant infection, and
more than 35,000 people die per year (3).
References
1. Antimicrobial resistance [Internet]. World Health Organization. World Health Organization; 2020 [cited 2021Apr19]. Available from:
https://www.who.int/westernpacific/health-topics/antimicrobial-resistance
2. Brady R, Suksiri S, Stella Tan S, Dodds J, Aine D. CURRENT HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL STATUS OF THE MAASAI PEOPLE IN SUB-SAHARAN
AFRICA [Internet]. Digital Commons @Cal Poly . 2008. Available from:
https://digitalcommons.calpoly.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?referer=&httpsredir=1&article=1005&context=honors
3.Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; 2020 [cited 2021Apr19]. Available from:
https://www.cdc.gov/drugresistance/index.html
4.Kimera ZI, Mdegela RH, Mhaiki CJN, Karimuribo ED, Mabiki F, Nonga HE, et al. Determination of oxytetracycline residues in cattle meat marketed in the
Kilosa district, Tanzania. Onderstepoort J Vet Res. 2015;82(1).
5.Maasai People, Kenya. [cited 2021Apr20]. Available from: http://maasai-association.org/maasai.html
6. Roulette CJ, Caudell MA, Roulette WW, Quinlan MB, Quinlan RJ, Call DR, et al. [Internet]. A two-month follow-up evaluation testing interventions to limit the
emergence and spread of antimicrobial resistant bacteria among Maasai of northern Tanzania. BMC Infectious Disease; 2017 [cited 2021]. Available from:
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12879-017-2857-z
Proposed Solution
Proposed Solution
Culture and Social Structure
Basic elements of a culture assessment
Interacting elements influence unique
care expressions and practices
Culture care preservation,
accommodation, and repatterning
Leininger's Theory of Culture Care and universality guides
our proposed solution because it demonstrates care and
collaboration with the client while keeping the culture of the
Maasai community in mind. The Sunrise Model consists of 3
levels, each representing a part of the Sunrise. The rays of
the sun represent the basic elements of a culture
assessment. The core of the sun represents culture care
preservation – emphasizes the support of indigenous care
practices, culture care accommodations – involves the
synthesis of indigenous and professional care practices,
and culture care repatterning – the implementation of
professional care with respect for indigenous beliefs and
values (Nelson). Where the sun and its rays converge
represents the interacting elements that allow nurses to
incorporate our evidence-based practice in a culturally
sensitive approach to care.
Our innovative health program Saving the Maasai hopes to
provide culturally competent educational resources that allow
the community to learn both in a classroom setting and by
doing. The basis of our innovative health program addresses
this need for prevention of infection by educating on proper
hand hygiene as well safe food consumption. Some activities
that the program hopes to provide is educating our patients
on important hygiene practices, such as hand washing
whenever possible, to minimize the spread of germs and
bacteria that can become harmful to our health. Allowing the
client to work alongside you and to use educational
techniques such as teach back can help us to determine if we
are providing effective education. Diet is an important part of
health, which is why we feel it is important to teach about how
to properly wash and cook foods prior to consumption. Finally,
it is important to discuss effective use of antibiotic therapy. If
after taking the proper precautions, infection from an
organism occurs, it is important for the community to
understand how antimicrobial therapy should be used.
Learning Objectives for our Proposed Solution
• The Maasai community will demonstrate proper hand
hygiene
• The Maasai community will demonstrate effective
preparation and consumption of foods consistent with a
healthy lifestyle
• The Maasai community will verbalize understanding
of effective antimicrobial use
�
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Title
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Senior Presentations Archive
Description
An account of the resource
This archive contains materials from Wagner’s annual ‘Senior Presentations.’ This event honors outstanding students from each discipline who completed their Senior Learning Community project with excellence. The work is representative of Wagner’s highest standards, and is exemplary of the diversity of subject matter, public-facing scholarship, and civic-minded professionalism our students have attained through their four years here. These students were specially invited to present their work in a formal setting, traditionally the day of Baccalaureate. Students are encouraged to present their work in a format appropriate for their discipline, and so, the presentations vary in their format. Some might be in the form of a short video, or paper abstracts, while others might be posters or music clips. We expect this archive to serve as a resource for generations to come. Congratulations to our Seniors!
Date
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2017 -
Rights Holder
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Wagner College, Staten Island, NY
Document
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Date Digital
2021
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2021_Nursing_Biju-Nuara-Stavola
Creator
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Megha Biju
Antoinette Nuara
Marissa Stavola
Date
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5/1/2021
Title
A name given to the resource
Antimicrobial Resistance in the Maasai Community
Contributor
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Doris Korona/Josephine Marcantonio
Evelyn L. Spiro School of Nursing
Type
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text
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Wagner College, Staten Island, NY
Nursing
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Babies Born with Opioid Addiction in the North Shore of
Staten Island
Gentjana Poga WCSN, Suqi Tang WCSN, Gianna Caterina WCSN
Introduction
Proposed Solution
Problem in the Community
•
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•
•
•
•
•
Community Assessment and Analysis
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
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•
References
�
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Senior Presentations Archive
Description
An account of the resource
This archive contains materials from Wagner’s annual ‘Senior Presentations.’ This event honors outstanding students from each discipline who completed their Senior Learning Community project with excellence. The work is representative of Wagner’s highest standards, and is exemplary of the diversity of subject matter, public-facing scholarship, and civic-minded professionalism our students have attained through their four years here. These students were specially invited to present their work in a formal setting, traditionally the day of Baccalaureate. Students are encouraged to present their work in a format appropriate for their discipline, and so, the presentations vary in their format. Some might be in the form of a short video, or paper abstracts, while others might be posters or music clips. We expect this archive to serve as a resource for generations to come. Congratulations to our Seniors!
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2017 -
Rights Holder
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Wagner College, Staten Island, NY
Document
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Date Digital
2020
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Poster
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2020-nursing-Poga Tang Caterina
Creator
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Poga, Gentjana<br />Tang, Suqi<br />Cateriana, Gianna
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
5/1/2020
Title
A name given to the resource
Babies Born with Opioid Addiction in the North Shore of Staten Island
Contributor
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Evelyn L. Spiro School of Nursing
Type
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text
Format
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application/pdf
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1 page
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eng
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U.S. and international copyright laws may protect this work. It is provided by Wagner College for scholarly or research purposes only. Commercial use or distribution is not permitted without prior permission of the copyright holder.
Rights Holder
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Wagner College, Staten Island, NY
Nursing
-
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cca6f42b0788209fa8aefc7445f2a3e3
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Burnout in Oncology Nurses in NYC
Angela Mazurkiewicz, WCSN, Mindy Rodriguez, WCSN, Dana Minors, WCSN
Wagner College Evelyn L. Spiro School of Nursing
Introduction & Selection of Community in
Need
• Oncology Nurses, in New York City specifically, face multiple stressors
on a day to day basis related to the growing shortage of nurses and the
complexity of dealing with cancer patients.
• Stressful work experiences can negatively affect the nurse’s well-being
and can also have harmful effects on the patients. The amount of time a
nurse spends with a patient, the more feelings are invested.
• The chances of burnout are increased due to a feeling of lack of
accomplishment because most cancers are unchanging and terminal.
• It is common for oncology nurses to experience burnout because their
work entails numerous stressors that involve caring for patients with life
threatening illnesses. Oncology nurses care for patients with complex
medical issues that require nurses to spend more time working beyond
their shifts, causing an increase in fatigue and irritability.
• An oncology nurse in New York City may be assigned more patients
than average because of a staff shortage, which gives the nurses
heavier workloads and leads to more callouts and possible medication
errors.
Problem in the Community
• Those who work in inpatient oncology are at an increased risk for
psychological distress because they often develop close
relationships with patients whose treatments fail and who
eventually die under their care (2).
• Of the 163 nurses interviewed from the Oncology Nursing Society
of New York City, there was a mean distress level of 8.06. A range
of four or more indicates moderate to severe distress, so this data
suggests that oncology nurses deal with high levels of distress.
Proposed Solution
• A new solution that will cease existing issues related to nursing
burnout and enhance interventions of self-improvement would
be through a nursing lounge available in hospitals.
• The lounge will have a monthly empathy class and a weekly
activity calendar
• Massage and Meditation Monday will focus on mindfulness,
decreasing work related anxiety and stress.
• Therapeutic Pet Tuesday will involve having dogs available for
the staff to pet and cuddle with.
• Writing Wednesday will have expressive writing activities, such
as poetry, and storytelling followed by group therapy sessions.
• Tasty Thursday will include culinary activities for the staff.
• Faith Friday provides religious downtime and access to spiritual
advisors.
• Sing a Song Saturday involves karaoke and dance.
• Sport Night Sunday includes recreational sporting events for the
staff.
Workout the Burnout
Community Assessment & Analysis
• Why do oncology nurses in NYC experience burnout? The American
Nurses Association found 17 percent of hospital nurses are depressed,
nearly double that of the general population.
• The New York State Community Health Indicator reports that the most
current statistics for all cancer incidence rate per 100,000 average
number of denominators is 8,265,444. This large number of cancer
patients in NYC corresponds to the stressors that oncology nurses in the
city must deal with.
• The WHO noted that millions of patients suffer injury or death annually
due to unsafe care; most of the problems WHO identified as leading to
poor outcomes were preventable.
• In 2015 NYC’s blueprint launched with the intent to provide a chance to
have healthier lives, Take Care New York 2020 “Its goal is twofold — to
improve every community’s health and to make greater strides in groups
with the worst health outcomes, so that the city becomes a more
equitable place for everyone (1). As a result, the overall health of New
York City residents is expected to improve and hopefully this will lower
the stress load on oncology nurses.
• In a two-year study of 261 nurses that worked at Sloan Kettering
Cancer Center in New York, the degree of burnout and distress
was evaluated. “Burnout was assessed by the three subscale
scores for emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and sense
of accomplishment. The mean for the total sample on emotional
exhaustion was 29.22. This score falls in the high range (>17)
and is higher than the norm of 22.19 (3).
• More than 40% of hospital staff nurses score in the high range
for job related burnout, and more than one in five hospital staff
nurses say they intend to leave their hospital jobs within one
year (4).
References
Mettey A, Garcia A, Isaac L, Linos N, Barbot O, Bassett MT.
Take Care New York 2020: Every Neighborhood, Every New
Yorker, Everyone’s Health Counts. The New York City
Department of Health and Mental Hygiene. October 2015. (II)
Wahlberg, L., Nirenberg, A., & Capezuti, E. (2016). Distress
and Coping Self-Efficacy in Inpatient Oncology Nurses.
Oncology Nursing Forum, 43(6), 738–746. (IV)
Kash, K., Holland , J., Breitbart, W., Berenson, S., Dougherty ,
J.,Ouellette, S., & Lesko, L. (2000). Stress and Burnout in
Oncology, 1–9. Retrieved from https:/
pdfs.semanticscholar.org/354c/0b02f2aec127728be6a4eb2eb
62250cbfd49.pdf (IV)
Doris C. Vahey, Linda H. Aiken, Douglas M. Sloane, Sean P.
Clarke, & Delfino Vargas. (2004). Nurse Burnout and Patient
Satisfaction. Medical Care, 42(2), II57. Retrieved
fromhttp://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=e
dsjsr&AN=edsjsr.4640725&site=eds-live (III)
�
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The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
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Senior Presentations Archive
Description
An account of the resource
This archive contains materials from Wagner’s annual ‘Senior Presentations.’ This event honors outstanding students from each discipline who completed their Senior Learning Community project with excellence. The work is representative of Wagner’s highest standards, and is exemplary of the diversity of subject matter, public-facing scholarship, and civic-minded professionalism our students have attained through their four years here. These students were specially invited to present their work in a formal setting, traditionally the day of Baccalaureate. Students are encouraged to present their work in a format appropriate for their discipline, and so, the presentations vary in their format. Some might be in the form of a short video, or paper abstracts, while others might be posters or music clips. We expect this archive to serve as a resource for generations to come. Congratulations to our Seniors!
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2017 -
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Wagner College, Staten Island, NY
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2020
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2020-nursing-Mazurkiewicz Rodriguez Minors
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Mazurkiewicz, Angela<br />Rodriguez, Mindy<br />Minors, Dana
Date
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5/1/2020
Title
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Burnout in Oncology Nurses in NYC
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Evelyn L. Spiro School of Nursing
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text
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eng
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Wagner College, Staten Island, NY
Nursing
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8cf089bb29ad1640167e1a7076907e5e
PDF Text
Text
Cardiovascular Disease on the North Shore of Staten Island in Low Income
Families:
Solving the Problem Starts With “A Heart Healthy You”
Kristen Evangelist WCSN, Christina Foote WCSN, and Cassie Paradise WCSN
Wagner College Evelyn L. Spiro School of Nursing
Introduction
Problem in the Community
Cardiovascular disease is a problem faced worldwide among
various groups. The prevalence of cardiovascular disease is
particularly high in Staten Island Community District 1. The
population being discussed is specifically low-income families that
reside in this chosen community. How does education and health
promotion improve cardiovascular health in lower income
populations? The lack of resources for proper nutrition, exercise
and healthcare are increasing the mortality rate in this community.
The purpose of this study was to find out the direct, or indirect,
correlations of a low income to cardiovascular disease. Wagner
College is included in this community–what better way to make a
difference than to start close to home? The proposed solution is
teaching the community the importance of a proper heart healthy
diet, proper heart healthy exercise programs and the importance
of smoking cessation.
• Cardiovascular disease can be attributed to a multitude of factors
including, but not limited to; a congenital defect, obesity, smoking,
poor diet, insufficient exercise, hypercholesterolemia, hypertension,
diabetes, etc. 3
• Cardiovascular disease occurs when plaque builds in the arteries.
Over time the arteries will narrow and reduce blood flow to the
heart, potentially leading to myocardial infarctions.
• CVD is the leading cause of admissions or discharges from acute
hospital visits and nursing homes.4
• Citywide rate - one out of five children in grades K through 8 in this
community are obese.1
• 16% of the population are smokers and 27% of the population report
having one or more 12-ounce sugary drinks per day. Consumption of
these drinks can increase the risk of type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular
disease, cavities, weight gain, and obesity. 1
Community Assessment and Analysis
● Mariner’s Harbor; Port Richmond; Westerleigh; West Brighton;
New Brighton; Saint George; Stapleton; Grymes Hill; Park Hill; and
Rosebank.1
● Current population: 181,484.
5
Figure 3
• People living in low-income urban areas or living in poverty have a
higher likelihood of suffering from a CVD with a poor outcome due to
lack of access to health care, poor housing conditions and housing
instability. 5
2
Figure 1
● ~15% of land use is dedicated to open space and recreation
○ Cloves Lark Park in Westerleigh and Silver Lake Park in West
Brighton being the largest of these community assets. 2
○ A large area covering southern parts of Mariner’s Harbor, Port
Richmond, and Westerleigh— do not have a park within
walking distance. 2
● Richmond University Medical Center, located in West Brighton. 2
● There are 13 clinics, 2 diagnostic and treatment centers, and 3
school-based health centers on the North Shore. 2
● 10 large grocery (1 store for every 17,400 residents.2)
● 1:5 residents on the North Shore (21%) live in poverty. 2
● 33% of adults in Staten Island Community District 1 are obese.2
Figure 5
Proposed Solution
According to the American Heart Association, the article states to “Eat a
variety of fresh, frozen and canned vegetables and fruits without
high-calorie sauces or added salt and sugars. Replace high-calorie foods
with fruits and vegetables.”9 Within the health promotion app that is
being created through this solution process, there will be a tab where
people can learn where they can go to purchase nutritional foods in
their neighborhood, and even sync up with a friend if they are unable to
get to the destination to pick up the food that they need or even have a
home delivery plan in place.9
An example of this being put to the test is a trial named The effect of 12
weeks of aerobic, resistance or combination exercise training on
cardiovascular risk factors in the overweight and obese in a randomized
trial.10
● The trial chose twelve people at random who all house different
medical ailments and tested different health parameters such as; a
fasting measure of a lipid panel, blood glucose level, and even
insulin changes in the body.10
● A fasting measure of a lipid panel, blood glucose level, and even
insulin changes in the body. They also tested changes in body
weight, fat mass, and dietary intake.10 Each group was randomly
assigned a group of either a control group, only aerobic exercise,
only resistance training, or a combination of aerobic and resistance
training. The results showed, as demonstrated by the graph from the
article below;
● The innovative health program will consist of an app that will be
created to promote heart healthy activities and exercises along with
nutritious meals and recipes included. Within the app which will be
titled A Heart Healthy You, there will also be tips and tricks included
for smoking cessation and the importance of it for cardiovascular
health. For those within the community who do not have access to a
smart device for an app, a pamphlet will be available at the local
community center listing a clear workout week plan, and including
new heart healthy recipe items for the week. The app will be
supported by a website as well for those who don’t have access to a
smart device or the community center for access to all the
information needed. Within the app and inside the pamphlet there
will be a reference page where people can go to check out a
suggested weekly schedule. They will include suggestions of;
● Meatless Monday (With emphasis on veggies replacing meat)
● Turn up Tuesday (Aerobic day)
● Wake Up Wednesday (Morning resistance workout)
● Therapeutic Thursday (Nature walk/rest day)
● Fit Friday (Weigh in/check in.)
Conclusion
It is noticeable that there is an association among cardiovascular
disease and the lack of adequate exercise, improper diet, and smoking.
Studies have shown through supported evidence that there is a
relationship between utilizing an adequate and effective exercise
regimen, eating nutritious meals, and smoking cessation for preventing
cardiovascular disease. Our goal is to help the community to focus on
giving people the tools needed to understand prevention and health
promotion.
References
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Figure 4
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
Figure 2
2
• “… health outcomes are affected by postal codes.” 5
• Cardiovascular disease is the number one cause of mortality globally
accounting for 31% of deaths worldwide.6
• Over 4/5 of premature deaths before age 70 from noncommunicable
disease occurs in low-income and middle-income countries.6
• The life expectancy in this community is 2.2 years shorter than New
York City overall.1
• Coronary heart disease hospitalization rates in Staten Island were
above both the NYS average and the NYSPAO, but congestive heart
failure hospitalization rates were below the NYS average and the
NYSPAO.7
• Cardiovascular disease is the most common comorbidity in patients
with Covid-19 and they are at a higher risk of becoming critically ill
and/or possibly death. 8
Figure 5
Hinterland, K., Naidoo, M., King, L., Lewin, V., Myerson, G., Noumbissi, B., Woodward, M., Gould, L.H., Gwynn,
R.C., Barbot, O., Basse, M.T. Community Health Profiles 2018, Staten Island Community District 1: St. George
and Stapleton; 2018; 57(59):1-20.
Mehrotra, A., Kimiagar, B., Drobnjak, M., & Halkitis, S. (2018, September). The North Shore of Staten Island:
Community Driven Solutions to Improve Child and Family Well-Being. Retrieved 2020, from
https://www.cccnewyork.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/09/North-Shore-Report.pdf
American
Heart
Association.
(2017)
What
Is
Cardiovascular
Disease?
Heart,
www.heart.org/en/health-topics/consumer-healthcare/what-is-cardiovascular-disease.
American Heart Association. (2015) Lifestyle Changes for Heart Attack Prevention. Heart,
www.heart.org/en/health-topics/heart-attack/life-after-a-heart-attack/lifestyle-changes-for-heart-attack-prevention.
Mensah G.A., & Brown D.W. (2007). An overview of cardiovascular disease burden in the United States. Health
Affairs, 26(1), 38–48. https://ezproxy.wagner.edu:2310/10.1377/hlthaff.26.1.38
Baptiste, D. (2018). Who you are and where you live can determine how long you live: What nurses need to know
about cardiovascular disease among low-income urban-dwelling minority communities. Journal of Clinical
Nursing,27(19-20), 3441-3442. doi:10.1111/jocn.14486
Aminde, L. N., Takah, N. F., Zapata-Diomedi, B., & Veerman, J. L. (2018). Primary and secondary prevention
interventions for cardiovascular disease in low-income and middle-income countries: A systematic review of
economic
evaluations.
Cost
Effectiveness
and
Resource
Allocation,
16
doi:http://ezproxy.wagner.edu:2251/10.1186/s12962-018-0108-9
Li, M., Dong, Y., Wang, H., Guo, W., Zhou, H., Zhang, Z., Tian, C., Du, K., Zhu, R., Wang, L., Zhao, L., Fan, H.,
Luo, S., & Hu, D. (2020). Cardiovascular disease potentially contributes to the progression and poor prognosis of
COVID-19.
Nutrition,
Metabolism
&
Cardiovascular
Diseases,
30(7),
1061–1067.
https://ezproxy.wagner.edu:2310/10.1016/j.numecd.2020.04.013
American
Heart
Association.
(2017)
What
Is
Cardiovascular
Disease?
Heart,
www.heart.org/en/health-topics/consumer-healthcare/what-is-cardiovascular-disease.
Ho, S. S., Dhaliwal, S. S., Hills, A. P., & Pal, S. (2012, August 28). The effect of 12 weeks of aerobic, resistance or
combination exercise training on cardiovascular risk factors in the overweight and obese in a randomized trial.
BMC Public Health. https://bmcpublichealth.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/1471-2458-12-704 1-10
�
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The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
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Senior Presentations Archive
Description
An account of the resource
This archive contains materials from Wagner’s annual ‘Senior Presentations.’ This event honors outstanding students from each discipline who completed their Senior Learning Community project with excellence. The work is representative of Wagner’s highest standards, and is exemplary of the diversity of subject matter, public-facing scholarship, and civic-minded professionalism our students have attained through their four years here. These students were specially invited to present their work in a formal setting, traditionally the day of Baccalaureate. Students are encouraged to present their work in a format appropriate for their discipline, and so, the presentations vary in their format. Some might be in the form of a short video, or paper abstracts, while others might be posters or music clips. We expect this archive to serve as a resource for generations to come. Congratulations to our Seniors!
Date
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2017 -
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Wagner College, Staten Island, NY
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2021
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2021_Nursing_Evangelist-Foote-Paradise
Creator
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Kristen Evangelist
Christina Foote
Cassie Paradise
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
5/1/2021
Title
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Cardiovascular Disease on the North Shore of SI in Low Income Families: Solving the Problem Starts With “A Heart Healthy You”
Contributor
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Doris Korona/Tina Marie Petrizzo-Hughes
Evelyn L. Spiro School of Nursing
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text
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application/pdf
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1 page
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eng
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U.S. and international copyright laws may protect this work. It is provided by Wagner College for scholarly or research purposes only. Commercial use or distribution is not permitted without prior permission of the copyright holder.
Rights Holder
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Wagner College, Staten Island, NY
Nursing
-
https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/1909/archive/files/ab7578d02a72f3795c5fc4f45eedba28.pdf?Expires=1712793600&Signature=OzUi9fEnTH%7EIHBK2uVZSdf5hIRnHADwjRMEsRcHnApp-CFk1q4xwh5w3m4cGlj6EW09hYR2iBu%7EmX3IuHtij6snNNwmQOg7P0PvVuVLbpiC2rtKpvVYMHCe3Q2EPKydXdm8ggKvPWifIY5ghKnP-avjr0Re3L7PCpnFOuBz2J7n7AAwX7v6Vd5MgmNPFMgLHyRL%7EZTtJu5jVmaNq89m7yQ3X-1f38Q%7EAvLAElcRGJ8XTvT4NHWy3Gl38dLX0oJQUX77J9OVeughP9R0LoQ0T6waclielA5DRJ4CS3WbIBeRjn3-2IfMO4omR-1VfxI05UrDF%7E-1r8I0C6QcBX%7EVnyA__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM
c80e384dbc34a82293185ae8907fa992
PDF Text
Text
Community-Acquired MRSA within the Pediatric
Population of NYC
Stephanie Gonzalez WC-NS, Charles E. Onorato WC-NS, Caroline Stasiewicz WC-NS
Evelyn L. Spiro School of Nursing at Wagner College
Introduction and Selection of
Community in Need
●
○ Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus
(MRSA) is a bacterium that has become
resistant to several antibiotics. This bacteria
can cause multiple complications including
skin infections, pneumonia and sepsis. 1
○ If resistant strains of bacteria, such as MRSA,
remain a widespread epidemic, it can cause
long term detrimental effects to the
community leading to limited medication
treatments for this infection.
○ The current national guidelines
recommended for first-line treatment in
these skin and soft tissue infections include
trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole and
doxycycline. 2
● Community in Need
○ The MRSA infection rate is higher among the
pediatric population from Orthodoxassociated zip codes compared to the rate of
infection in other areas in Brooklyn.2
○ According to a study done by NYU Langone
researchers, the community is at high risk
due to an inherited gene mutation.5
Problem in the
Community
● The problem of antibiotic resistance limits
available therapy rendering antibiotics
ineffective to bacterial infections . 3
● The pediatric population is particularly
affected because MRSA thrives in crowded
environments where there is skin-to-skin
contact exposure. These environments
include schools and daycares where children
play sports and participate in other social
activities 1
● The pediatric population of the Orthodox
Jewish community in Brooklyn has the
highest prevalence rate of the infection.9
● When compared to other causes of
hospitalization in NYC, researchers found that
the pediatric population, especially those who
are immunocompromised or come from low
socioeconomic status were most likely to be
hospitalized with CA-MRSA than the general
population. 4
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (2019, January 31). For Patients. Retrieved October 24, 2019, from
https://www.cdc.gov/mrsa/community/patients.html
2.
Yonts, A., Kronman, M., & Hamdy, R. (2018, November). The Burden and Impact of Antibiotic Prescribing in
Ambulatory Pediatrics. Retrieved October 24, 2019, from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30337150.
3.
The US Food and Drug Administration. (2019). Antibiotics and Antibiotic Resistance. Retrieved October 24, 2019,
from https://www.fda.gov/drugs/buying-using-medicine-safely/antibiotics-and-antibiotic-resistance.
4.
Farr, A. M., Aden, B., Weiss, D., Nash, D., & Marx, M. A. (2012). Trends in Hospitalization for Community-Associated
Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus in New York City, 1997–2006: Data from New York States Statewide
Planning and Research Cooperative System. Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology, 33(7), 725–731. doi:
10.1086/666329.
5.
Copin, R. E., Sause, W., Fulmer, Y., Balasubramanian, D., & Dyenhaus, S. (2019). Correction for Copin et al.,
Sequential evolution of virulence and resistance during clonal spread of community-acquired
Educate at hospital maternity
units in Maimonides, NYP in
Brooklyn, and other hospitals
nearby. The pediatric
population is more at risk
and parents should be
educated on preventative
measures they should take to
prevent the spread of
diseases.
methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 116(10),
4747–4747. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1902207116.
6.
Dall, C. (2019, January 8). Study highlights spread of unique Staph strain in Brooklyn. Retrieved October 24, 2019,
from
http://www.cidrap.umn.edu/news-perspective/2019/01/study-highlights-spread-unique-staph-strain-brooklyn.
(Level V)
7.
Jenks, N. P., Gandara, M. P. D. L., Dorazio, B., Rosa, J. C. D., Kost, R., Khalida, C., … Tobin, J. (2016). Differences in
prevalence of community-associated MRSA and MSSA between U.S. and non-U.S. born populations in six New
York Community Health Centers. Travel Medicine and Infectious Disease, 14(6), 551–560. doi:
10.1016/j.tmaid.2016.10.003.
8.
Posner, M. (2019). What Is a Yeshiva. Retrieved October 24, 2019, from
https://www.chabad.org/library/article_cdo/aid/4407857/jewish/What-Is-a-Yeshiva.htm.
9.
NYU Langone Health. (2019, January 7). New MRSA Study in Brooklyn Enclave Provides Framework for Community-Based Infection
Surveillance. Retrieved October 24, 2019, from
https://nyulangone.org/news/new-mrsa-study-brooklyn-enclave-provides-framework-community-based-infection-surveillance.
● The MRSA infection rate per 1,000 admissions
was 10-fold higher among children from
Orthodox-associated zip codes than that from
other zip codes in New York City. 5 (p-value <
0.001)
● MRSA is two times more prevalent in children
from Orthodox-associated “high-risk” zip codes
compared to children coming from “low-risk”
zip codes.5
● 93% (86/92) of the Orthodox community
patients were consistent with carrying the
Brooklyn strain of MRSA. 6
● The Brooklyn variant clone of the infection was
neither found in Manhattan nor in the Bronx.6
● The study conducted in NYC between 1997-2006
showed that children younger than 18 years old
were more at risk for CA-MRSA related to
hospitalization. 7 (p-value < 0.01)
● The study assessed the differences between
immigrants and native-born patients in NYC
and overall, both had similar rates of MRSA
carriage whether they were wound infection
related or nasal carriage. 7
Bacterial Phylogeny reveals the emergence and
spread of a dominant clone (USA300-BKV) in the
Orthodox Jewish community. 92 isolates were
obtained from patients (Shown in Red)
representing the patients residing in
Orthodox-associated zip codes compared with
isolates from other adults and children in the same
hospital that do not reside in the Orthodox Jewish
community.
(A) Shown in red are
the 16 USA300
MRSA gene
isolates from
adults and
children in the
same hospital. In
blue are the
isolates from
Northern
Manhattan and
the Bronx.
(B) 68 USA300
strains from
Northern
Manhattan and
the Bronx
compared to the
clone found in
Brooklyn.
Proposed Solutions
References
1.
Community Assessment
and Analysis
Basic hygienic care will
aid in a decrease spread of
MRSA. These acts include
hand washing, avoiding
shared use of personal
items such as towels,
razors, soap, and keeping
fingernails and toenails
short. 1
Nurses, local policy makers and other
advocates can voice their concerns for proper
cleaning and sanitization methods at public
places such as playgrounds to the Department
of Health and to the Department of Parks and
Recreation.
Visit Yeshiva schools, JCC’s, local
YMCA’s and distribute pamphlets
teaching about basic hygiene and hand
washing. Also, to educate the general
population of Brooklyn, health care
workers such as nurses can distribute
these pamphlets to public schools as
well. 8
How to prevent
the spread of
MRSA
Contact the local Rhabi,
Priests, and other
spiritual and political
figures to send a
message to the
population on the
importance of MRSA
preventative measures.
(C) The
USA300-BKV
gene, specific to
the Jewish
Orthodox
population in
Brooklyn, is
highlighted in
red.
�
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Senior Presentations Archive
Description
An account of the resource
This archive contains materials from Wagner’s annual ‘Senior Presentations.’ This event honors outstanding students from each discipline who completed their Senior Learning Community project with excellence. The work is representative of Wagner’s highest standards, and is exemplary of the diversity of subject matter, public-facing scholarship, and civic-minded professionalism our students have attained through their four years here. These students were specially invited to present their work in a formal setting, traditionally the day of Baccalaureate. Students are encouraged to present their work in a format appropriate for their discipline, and so, the presentations vary in their format. Some might be in the form of a short video, or paper abstracts, while others might be posters or music clips. We expect this archive to serve as a resource for generations to come. Congratulations to our Seniors!
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2017 -
Rights Holder
A person or organization owning or managing rights over the resource.
Wagner College, Staten Island, NY
Document
A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text.
Date Digital
2020
Original Format
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Poster
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Identifier
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2020-nursing-Gonzales Onorato Stasiewicz
Creator
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Gonzalez, Stephanie<br />Onorato, Charles E.<br />Stasiewicz, Caroline
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
5/1/2020
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Community-Acquired MRSA within the Pediatric Population of NYC
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Evelyn L. Spiro School of Nursing
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text
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eng
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U.S. and international copyright laws may protect this work. It is provided by Wagner College for scholarly or research purposes only. Commercial use or distribution is not permitted without prior permission of the copyright holder.
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Wagner College, Staten Island, NY
Nursing
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Wagner College
Introduction
● Depressive disorders are among the
many public health challenges in
adolescents.
● In Paterson, New Jersey there has
been an increase in Depression and
mental illness, due to the low-income
rates and high poverty rates [1].
● The innovation of a health care clinic
in Paterson, New Jersey will help to
focus on the community’s needs.
● What interventions can we propose in
Paterson, New Jersey that will
decrease depression and create a
positive environment in the
community?
Community Assessment
● Paterson, New Jersey has a
population of 145,000 people.
Paterson is made up of mostly
Hispanics and African Americans.
35.5% of the populations are
Hispanics, 24.9% are African
Americans, 9.16% are white, and
3.73% are Asian[1]
● In 2019, universities in Paterson, NJ
awarded 1,557 degrees.
● Males in New Jersey have an average
income that is 1.38 times higher than
the average income of females, which
is 61,412. Paterson median income is
$40,000 while New Jersey as a whole
is $84,632.[1]
There are many mental health and
addiction resources, detox clinics, adult
residential treatments, halfway houses,
and intensive inpatient and outpatient
services.
References
1.
Paterson, NJ. (2020). DataUSA
h8ps://datausa.io/profile/geo/paterson-nj/
2.
A Research Report: The Profile of Substance Use and Other Indicators
of Well-Being Among Youth in Paterson, New Jersey. (n.d.). from h8p://pcasa.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/07/P-CASA-ATOD-REPORTEdit_Final61516.pdf
3. Depression among adolescent students in South India: How ... [Internet].
[cited 2021Mar30]. Available from:
h8ps://www.indianjpsychiatry.org/ar^cle.asp?issn=00195545;year=2016;volume=58;issue=3;spage=349;epage=350;aulast=Trivedi
Resources available:
● In 2014, the Clinic partners with the
Passaic Board of Education for the
ACCESS After School Program. There
are after school programs to help
children with mental health.
● Passaic County Family Support
Organization (FSO)
● Passaic County Care Management
Organization (CMO)
● Guide to Mental Health Services in
Passaic County.
● Outpatient mental health service, St.
Joseph’s Health which offers a full
range of outpatient services[2].
Problem
Solution
The major problem that we are focused
on is how depression affects
adolescents.
The strongest risk factors for depression
in adolescents are:
● Family history of depression [3]
● Exposure of psychosocial stress [3]
The community that we focused on is
adolescent in Paterson, New Jersey
and how depression affects the
population.
● Our proposed solution is to develop an
innovative health program, We Care.
We Care is a nursing clinic in the
community that promotes self-esteem,
healthy lifestyle and positive attitudes.
Rates of adolescent depression in *
Patterson
● 25.8% & National (U.S): 11.4% [1]
Goals:
● Adolescents will verbalize cues,
triggers and symptoms of depression.
● Adolescents will demonstrate coping
mechanisms to reduce depression.
● Adolescents will attend activities
related to an individualized plan based
on their stressors.
Paterson female adolescent population
affected: 32.8%
Paterson LGBTQ population affected:
51.5% [1]
The community in Paterson, NJ is
affected by the prevalence of
depression among adolescent, which
has been leading to higher suicidal
ideation rates.
● Paterson, NJ :14% [1]
● National rate-:17% [1]
Four Aspects that affect the adolescent
population in Paterson, NJ is:
● Family cohesion [3]
● Social support [3]
● School importance [3]
● Neighborhood sense of
community/attachment [3]
● The clinic will start by providing
education in the schools and
community regarding mental health in
adolescents. This education will include
the signs of depression, the types of
stressors related to depression, and the
destruction of the idea of mental health
stigma in the community.
● For example, if a child is dealing with
being overweight and not having many
friends, then that child will receive an
individualized plan to see a nutritionist,
and the patient will be able to use the
exercise equipment in the clinic and
participate in activities.
● The possible activities of this clinic
include forming a social club, playing
games, introducing a nutritional
spokesperson, having a movie night,
exercise nights, family nights and
dance nights.
● When the program starts to develop, a
goal is to receive city funding and
donations to create free health care in
the community for the clinic, so it can
be easier to seek help.
● We Care was inspired by the
framework of Betty Neuman’s Systems
Model Theory. This theory shows that
each person has a response to its
environment.
�
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Senior Presentations Archive
Description
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This archive contains materials from Wagner’s annual ‘Senior Presentations.’ This event honors outstanding students from each discipline who completed their Senior Learning Community project with excellence. The work is representative of Wagner’s highest standards, and is exemplary of the diversity of subject matter, public-facing scholarship, and civic-minded professionalism our students have attained through their four years here. These students were specially invited to present their work in a formal setting, traditionally the day of Baccalaureate. Students are encouraged to present their work in a format appropriate for their discipline, and so, the presentations vary in their format. Some might be in the form of a short video, or paper abstracts, while others might be posters or music clips. We expect this archive to serve as a resource for generations to come. Congratulations to our Seniors!
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Christopher Allen
Jonathan Allen
Jasmine Philip
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5/1/2021
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Depression in Adolescents of Paterson, New Jersey
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Lorrie DeSena /Josephine Marcantonio
Evelyn L. Spiro School of Nursing
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Diabetes Mellitus:
Diabetes in the Hispanic Population in the South Bronx
Alma Purisic WCSN, Sammi Ruan WCSN, Paula Povzlov WCSN
Wagner College Evelyn L. Spiro School of Nursing
Community Assessment and Analysis
Proposed Solution
❏ 72.3% of South Bronx’s population are of Hispanic/Latino
origin. 3
❏ Our program is based in the South Bronx.
❏ Our program #DiabetesWontStopUs consists of a moving
van that would park at the local town square on the
weekend at various times and promote education to the
community members on dietary, exercise, and early
screening for diabetes.
❏ The median household income is roughly about $21,737.3
❏ There has been an increase in the number of families that
rely on food stamp/SNAP benefits. In 2006, about 45.5%
relied on food stamps, but in 2014, it increased to 53.4%. 3
❑ Education is one of the most effective treatment plans
available to the public at no cost.
❏ 31.0% have incomes below the poverty threshold. 3
❏ In Mott Haven and Melrose, it is estimated that 46% of
deaths could have been averted. 4
❑ Our program will host a healthy plate class, in which recipes
for healthy meal plans will be provided to the community.
❏ 33% of adults are obese, which increases their probability of
diabetes and heart disease. 4
4
❑ The healthy plate class will also emphasize the importance
of how much you should eat, what you should and shouldn’t
eat.
❏ There is an increase in avoidable hospitalizations, such as
asthma exacerbations, poorly controlled diabetes, and
uncontrolled hypertension. 4
❑ Education on healthier alternatives:
○ Fruits are a better choice to eat however, it is important
to not eat too much fruit because they contain large
amounts of glucose.
❏ The general life expectancy for these residents is 76 years. 4
❏ Lincoln Hospital provides a diabetes prevention program,
with a bilingual curriculum, which is aimed at preventing
the disease and education on self-management skills to
avoid complications. 4
❑ Education on the importance of moderation.
❑ We would apply for a grants from the city to have our
program covered.
❏ This program has created a Diabetes Education Advisory
Board, which is comprised of a multidisciplinary group of
health care professionals, administrators, community
members and patients. 5
❏ The main goals of this program are to promote healthy food
choices, increasing exercise, effective use of medications,
preventing avoidable hospitalizations, and maintaining
follow-up appointments to control their disease. 5
Problem in the Community
❏ With a global outlook, according to Healthy People (2030),
diabetes is the 7th leading cause of death in the United
States, affecting more than 30 million Americans.7
4
Introduction
❏ With a local outlook within the NYC boroughs, studies have
shown that the South Bronx has the highest population of
adult diabetics compared to the other boroughs, affecting
upward of 30% of South Bronx residents.8
❏ Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is generally defined as a condition in
which one’s blood sugar level is too high. The high blood
sugar can be attributed to either the body not producing
enough insulin (DM Type 1) or the body is not utilizing
insulin as well as it should (DM Type 2). 1
❏ Some complications that can occur from uncontrolled
diabetes include: diabetic retinopathy (eye damage),
diabetic nephropathy (kidney damage), diabetic neuropathy
(nerve damage), heart disease, stroke, digestion problems,
erectile dysfunction, skin problems, infection, and dental
problems. 2
4
❏ The Hispanic population, a minority population, makes up
17% of those diagnosed with diabetes compared to other
New Yorkers at 10% and having diabetes as the 4th leading
cause of death.9
4
❏ In a study of 1000 residents in South Bronx public housing,
only 30% knew that they had diabetes and another 33%
were at high risk. In addition, 25% of this population suffered
from obesity and had a persistent lack of exercise and
unhealthy food choices.8
❏ Hispanics in NYC have a higher rate of obesity at 29%
compared to other New Yorkers at 20%.6 With diets high in
fat and calories coupled with a high rate of obesity,
Hispanics are at a higher risk for developing diabetes.10
❏ In Mott Haven, 23% of adults have no health insurance,
increasing the rate of preventable hospitalizations. 4
❏ Adults in Mott Haven are more likely to consume more
sugary drinks, eat fewer fruits and vegetables, and less
physical activity, which can increase their probability of
diabetes. 4
❏ More than half of Hispanics in NYC live below the poverty
line compared to one-third of Non-Hispanics, and they have
lower rates of employment, less education, and less access
to healthcare.9
❏ Lack of access to healthcare, screening, prevention, early
intervention, and education deprives the Hispanic
population of receiving the appropriate care they need in
preventing and controlling diabetes.
4
❑ #DiabetesWontStopUs program is based on Dorthea Orem,
a nursing theorist, believed that people are naturally able to
care for themselves and nurses should increase emphasis
on that ability.
❑ Part of self-care includes:
○ Eating healthy,living an active lifestyle, and receiving
check-ups from health care facilities.
❏ Those three components are major issues from South Bronx
location
References
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
What is diabetes? [Internet]. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Centers for
Disease Control and Prevention; 2020 [cited 2021Apr21]. Available from:
https://www.cdc.gov/diabetes/basics/diabetes.html (Level 5)
10 Known Diabetes Complications [Internet]. WebMD. WebMD; [cited 2021Apr21]. Available
from: https://www.webmd.com/diabetes/diabetes-complications (Level 5)
NYC Planning Population FactFinder [Internet]. NYC Population FactFinder. 2020 [cited
2021Mar31]. Available from:
https://popfactfinder.planning.nyc.gov/profile/1057/demographic?mode=change. (Level 5)
PDF. Bronx : New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene ; 2015.
https://www1.nyc.gov/assets/doh/downloads/pdf/data/2015chp-bx1.pdf. (Level 5)
PDF. Bronx: NYC Health and Hospitals; 2013.
https://www.nychealthandhospitals.org/lincoln/wp-content/uploads/sites/15/2016/08/pres.
(Level 5)
The Real Deal. 2015 [cited 2021Mar30]. Available from:
https://s14.therealdeal.com/trd/up/2015/04/Screen-Shot-2015-03-31-at-4.24.28-PM289x300.png
Diabetes [Internet]. Diabetes - Healthy People 2030. [cited 2021Mar31]. Available from:
https://health.gov/healthypeople/objectives-and-data/browse-objectives/diabetes (Level 4)
Morrow R, Ferretti L, Norwood C, Reich D, Chito-Childs E, McCallion P, et al. Improving the
Reach of the National Diabetes Prevention Program Within a Health Disparities
Population: A Bronx New York Pilot Project Crossing Health- and Community-Based
Sectors. Journal of Continuing Education in the Health Professions. 2016;36(4):300–6. (Level
4)
Greer S, Naidoo M, Hinterland K, Archer A, Gould LH, Crossa A, et al. Health of Latinos in
New York City [Internet]. NYC Health. 2017 [cited 2021Mar30]. Available from:
https://www1.nyc.gov/assets/doh/downloads/pdf/episrv/2017-latino-health.pdf (Level 5)
Hispanic/Latino Americans and Type 2 Diabetes [Internet]. Centers for Disease Control and
Prevention. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; 2019 [cited 2021Mar31]. Available
from: https://www.cdc.gov/diabetes/library/features/hispanic-diabetes.html (Level 5)
�
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Senior Presentations Archive
Description
An account of the resource
This archive contains materials from Wagner’s annual ‘Senior Presentations.’ This event honors outstanding students from each discipline who completed their Senior Learning Community project with excellence. The work is representative of Wagner’s highest standards, and is exemplary of the diversity of subject matter, public-facing scholarship, and civic-minded professionalism our students have attained through their four years here. These students were specially invited to present their work in a formal setting, traditionally the day of Baccalaureate. Students are encouraged to present their work in a format appropriate for their discipline, and so, the presentations vary in their format. Some might be in the form of a short video, or paper abstracts, while others might be posters or music clips. We expect this archive to serve as a resource for generations to come. Congratulations to our Seniors!
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2017 -
Rights Holder
A person or organization owning or managing rights over the resource.
Wagner College, Staten Island, NY
Document
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Original Format
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Poster
Date Digital
2021
Dublin Core
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Identifier
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2021_Nursing_Povzlov-Purisic-Ruan
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Paula Povzlov
Alma Purisic
Sammi Ruan
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
5/1/2021
Title
A name given to the resource
Diabetes Mellitus: Diabetes in the Hispanic Population in the South Bronx
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Lorrie DeSena/Josephine Marcantonio
Evelyn L. Spiro School of Nursing
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
text
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application/pdf
Extent
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1 page
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eng
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U.S. and international copyright laws may protect this work. It is provided by Wagner College for scholarly or research purposes only. Commercial use or distribution is not permitted without prior permission of the copyright holder.
Rights Holder
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Wagner College, Staten Island, NY
Nursing
-
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59d9231f414ef4775736a710af86d153
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E-cigarette Use Amongst Adolescents in Staten Island
Dina Arslani, Kristi Simonetti, Jessica Verga
Wagner College, Evelyn L. Spiro School of Nursing
• How is vaping affecting the health of the adolescent population
in the Staten Island community?
• “Staten Island has the highest rate of electronic cigarette
(e-cigarette) use among high school students in New York City,
according to recent data, and U.S. Sen. Charles Schumer is
urging the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) to regulate the
inhalable product” (2019).
• “The number of middle (ages 11-13) and high school students
(ages 14-18) using e-cigarettes rose from 2.1 million in 2017 to
3.6 million in 2018—a difference of about 1.5 million youth”
(12).
• The electronic cigarette (e- cigarettes/vaping products) has
gained widespread popularity nationwide and has an increasingly
negative effect on public health. These devices have acquired
recognition based on the belief that it is a safe and viable potential
smoking cessation aid (5).
• This growing epidemic has attributed to health issues including,
but not limited to, respiratory, cardiovascular, and immune system
diseases. Ongoing studies continue to gather data investigating
the effects of vaping on the vital organs.
• “People using vape products have reported a variety of
symptoms, developing over a period of days to weeks, including:
pulmonary symptoms (cough, shortness of breath, chest pain),
gastrointestinal symptoms (nausea, vomiting, diarrhea), fatigue,
fever, headache, and weight loss” (3).
• One of the substances reported to have the most harmful effect
on public health is vitamin E acetate. This substance is found in
almost all cannabis- containing vaping products, and “is now the
key focus of the Department of Health’s investigation of potential
causes of vaping associated pulmonary illnesses” (3).
• The use of e-cigarette is increasing not only in the U.S. but
worldwide. The European Region has the highest rated tobacco
use in the world, “with an estimated 209 million people smoking”
(90% of lung cancers can be avoided by eliminating tobacco use,
new WHO report reveals, 2019). The United Kingdom along with
France and Belgium have the highest levels of e-cigarette use (8).
• As of February 18, 2020, a total of 2,807 hospitalized EVALI
cases or deaths have been reported to CDC from all 50 states,
the District of Columbia, and two U.S. territories (Puerto Rico and
U.S. Virgin Islands). Sixty-eight deaths have been confirmed in
29 states and the District of Columbia. (7).
• In a 2017 survey of 15 to 17- year- old adolescents in New York
State currently using electronic vapor products, which 19% of the
adolescents said that flavors were the reason that they first tried
an e-cigarette and 27% said flavors were the reason for
maintaining use (6).
• The persuasive marketing tools these companies use in
promoting appealing flavors are directed towards the
adolescent and young adults contributing to the outbreak of
vaping in this age bracket.
• A proposed solution for the cessation of e-cigarettes is to educate
and change the false narratives that e-cigarettes are a safe and
healthier alternative to smoking.
• The use of e-cigarettes, specifically in youth, can lead to
nicotine dependence, which is a major concern in the
development of the adolescent brain.
• The goal is to spread awareness through television, radios,
posters, and social media. By increasing the awareness of the
harmful effects of e-cigarettes, we can challenge the
advertisements seen on social media.
• Using nicotine in adolescence can harm the parts of the brain
that control attention, learning, mood, and impulse control.
• Adolescents who use e-cigarette are more likely to engage in
risky behavior. The correlation between adolescent e-cigarette
use and other substances such as alcohol, marijuana,
amphetamines increase with the use of e-cigarettes (11).
• Of the 5 boroughs, Staten Island is known as vaping central.
Vaping has dominated the adolescent population island-wide
due to its convenience, accessibility, and its appealing nature.
Staten Island has the highest rate of electronic cigarette
(e-cigarette) use among high school students in New York
City, about 1 in 5 high school students are using e-cigarettes
(2).
• This proposed solution is based on the theorist, Everette Rogers,
and his work called, Diffusion of Innovations Theory. The
diffusions of theory will be used as a guide to help us promote,
spread and increase our social media page.
Learning objective goals are:
1. To decrease the use of e-cigarettes amongst the adolescent
population.
2. To recognize the adverse effects of e-cigarette use.
3. To use social media as an advantage to increase public health.
• This method can be effective by influencing adolescents and
young adults to steer away from using e-cigarettes which may
increase public health in the future.
• With the continuing rise of e-cigarettes, Staten Island faces an
increase in use among adolescents, especially while in
school.
• In September of 2019, Governor Andrew Cuomo has
implemented “emergency executive action to ban the sale of
flavored electronic cigarettes in New York State” (6). A
contributing factor for the easy access of e-cigarettes is the
fact store owners allow adolescents (under twenty-one years)
to purchase the e-cigarette. The governor has also stated any
retailer selling vaping products to minors will now face criminal
penalties along with civil penalties.
• The new course of e-cigarettes swept in and changed the
dynamic of what we thought would have been the end of an era
of tobacco smokers.
• Instead, we see a rise in nicotine addiction amongst the
adolescent population due to the increasing demand for
e-cigarettes.
• The Staten Island community is composed of predominantly
whites, being 75.2% of the total population (10).
• The top two demographics being of Italian and Irish descent (9).
• To reduce this up rise in popularity, a proposed solution is to
create a social media platform to provide evidence and risk
factors about e-cigarettes.
• Italian Americans represent one of the largest influxes in ethnicity
throughout history.
• This method can be effective by influencing adolescents and
young adults to steer away from using e-cigarettes which may
increase public health in the future.
• The rate of employment has risen by 13% since 2017 in Staten
Island in the following work areas: construction, social assistance,
leisure and hospitality, and health care (4).
• This solution will help the new generation of Americans who are
at risk of nicotine addiction.
• About 70% of the population living on the island are homeowners,
the highest rate in comparison to all five boroughs (4).
• The major health issues that are currently plaguing the Staten
Island community are obesity, poor air quality, smoking, unmet
mental health needs, and drug overdose deaths (1). Smoking
comes in third place.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
• Deaths from heart disease and chronic lower respiratory disease
represent the highest in Staten Island when compared to the other
four boroughs (1).
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
Baker, T. (2016). Retrieved from https://rumcsi.org/Uploads/Public/Documents/FinalCSP.pdf Level V
Bascome, E. Staten Island high school students using e-cigs at high rate, data shows. 2017, November 22). Retrieved from
https://www.silive.com/news/2017/11/schumer_calls_on_fda_for_e-cig.html. Level V
Department of Health.New York State Department of Health Announces Update on Investigation into Vaping-Associated Pulmonary Illnesses Retrieved November 7, 2019, from
https://www.health.ny.gov/press/releases/2019/2019-09-05_vaping.htm. Level IV
DiNapoli, T.P., Bleiwas, K.B. An Economic Snapshot of Staten Island. (2018, September). Retrieved from Rpt7-2019.pdf Level IV
Eltorai, A. E. M., Choi, A. R., & Eltorai, A. S. Impact of Electronic Cigarettes on Various Organ Systems. Respiratory Care, 64(3), 328–336. (2019).
https://doi.org/10.4187/respcare.06300 Level II
Governor Cuomo Announces Emergency Executive Action to Ban the Sale of Flavored E-Cigarettes. (2019, September 18). Retrieved from
https://www.governor.ny.gov/news/governor-cuomo-announces-emergency-executive-action-ban-sale-flavored-e-cigarettes. Level IV
Outbreak of Lung Injury Associated with the Use of E-Cigarette, or Vaping, Products. (2019, November 8). Retrieved from
https://www.cdc.gov/tobacco/basic_information/e-cigarettes/severe-lung-disease.html. Level IV
Shapiro, H. No Fire, No Smoke: The Global State of Tobacco Harm Reduction 2018. 2018). Retrieved from https://gsthr.org/downloads/GSTHR Report/GSTHR.pdf Level IV
Staten Island Population 2019. (n.d.). Retrieved from http://worldpopulationreview.com/boroughs/staten-island-population/. Level V
U.S. Census Bureau QuickFacts: Richmond County (Staten Island Borough), New York. (n.d.). Retrieved from
https://www.census.gov/quickfacts/fact/table/richmondcountystatenislandboroughnewyork/PST045218
Walley, S. C., Wilson, K. M., Winickoff, J. P., & Groner, J. A Public Health Crisis: Electronic Cigarettes, Vape, and JUUL. Pediatrics, 143(6), 1–11. (2019).
https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2018-2741 Level IV
Youth and Tobacco Use. (2019, February 28). Retrieved from https://www.cdc.gov/tobacco/data_statistics/fact_sheets/youth_data/tobacco_use/index.htm. Level IV
�
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Senior Presentations Archive
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This archive contains materials from Wagner’s annual ‘Senior Presentations.’ This event honors outstanding students from each discipline who completed their Senior Learning Community project with excellence. The work is representative of Wagner’s highest standards, and is exemplary of the diversity of subject matter, public-facing scholarship, and civic-minded professionalism our students have attained through their four years here. These students were specially invited to present their work in a formal setting, traditionally the day of Baccalaureate. Students are encouraged to present their work in a format appropriate for their discipline, and so, the presentations vary in their format. Some might be in the form of a short video, or paper abstracts, while others might be posters or music clips. We expect this archive to serve as a resource for generations to come. Congratulations to our Seniors!
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E-cigarette Use Amongst Adolescents in Staten Island
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Text
Educating Healthcare Employees Can Decrease the Amount of Health
Disparities Transgender Patients Experience in NYC
Kleo Phytides and Natalie Calcasola
Evelyn L. Spiro School of Nursing
Wagner College
Introduction
• It is important for healthcare workers to become more aware
and to get to know their transgender patients better in order to
provide the best care possible and to avoid medical
discrimination.
• Many healthcare workers lack the knowledge of a transgender
client’s specific health needs, which in turn can lead to providing
poor care.
• Transgender patients in NYC face challenges everyday and
discrimination is one of them.
Community Assessment & Analysis
● According to the 2010 Census, there are 8,175,113 people living
within the New York City area. (16)
● About 3,882,544 of the total population identifies as male and
about 4,292,589 of the total population identifies as female. (16)
● From an economic standpoint, about 20 percent of New Yorkers
live in poverty. (11)
● Obesity is one health problem that is seen among residents in
New York City. About 24 percent of the population is obese.
● About 28 percent of the community population is diagnosed
with hypertension. (16)
● Eleven percent of residents have been diagnosed with Diabetes
in 2018 and about 25 percent of NYC residents have
hypercholesterolemia. (16)
● Twelve percent of adults living in NYC do not have health
insurance. (16)
● There are resources out there to help transgender patients find
the care they need. According to NYC Health, there is a list of
clinics in the city that work with trans adults and youth. Some of
these clinics contain sexual health care, hormone therapy,
HIV/STD testing, primary care, emergency post-exposure
prophylaxis (PEP), support groups, mental health, and even
surgical care. (11)
Problems in the Community
Solution
● A problem for transgender people in New York City is
the accessibility to a health care provider who is
knowledgeable about their specific needs and is
transgender-friendly.
● All healthcare workers in NYC should be sufficiently trained on how
to care for everyone, especially members of the LGBTQ+
population.
● Education for the proper treatment and care of transgender
populations should be included in hospital orientations upon
hiring.
● Many health care workers may not feel equipped to care for this
population and may neglect certain aspects of care.
“28% reported having to teach
their health care provider about
transgender health issues in the
past year” (14)
● Barriers to care for this population in New York City
also include cost of care and poor access to specialists.
● The community provides resources, such as cultural
competency education for health care providers. These
programs will help providers increase their knowledge
regarding transgender health care needs and will
encourage transgenders to seek their help.
● “1.4 million Americans identify as transgender and the
majority of them struggle to find doctors or insurance
policies that are supportive of transgender health
needs.” (5)
● In the United States, the National Center of
Transgender Equality released a survey in 2016
measuring the changes within the last five years. This
survey illuminated that “⅓ of those who saw a health
care provider in the past year, reported having at least
one negative experience related to being transgender.”
(5)
● Some procedures that facilitate the care of
transgender people, like gender confirming surgery or
hormone therapy, are not covered by insurance
companies.
● The main problem that is faced within this population
is the lack of education from the healthcare providers
on how to care for a transgender patient. A survey by
Lambda Legal reveals that “70% of transgender
respondents experienced serious discrimination and
73% believed they would be treated differently by
medical personnel because of their lesbian, gay,
bisexual, transgender, queer (LGBTQ) status.” (8)
● It would be beneficial to this population if healthcare
workers attended a seminar that educated them on
how to be culturally sensitive to this group.
● A solution would be to include competency seminars regarding
transgenders in hospital orientations in the New York City area for
all new employees. This seminar would include how to properly
greet and interact with the patient. This education will improve
care and comfort between the provider and their transgender
patient.
● This program should include a questionnaire dedicated to
transgender people. Questions that should be asked should
present how that patient feels when receiving care or what they
think would help make them feel more comfortable.
● The ultimate goal within NYC healthcare settings, there should be
an increase in patient satisfaction about the care that’s received.
This could be done by simply asking the patient to answer a
questionnaire about their visit.
Acknowledgements
1.
American Medical Student Association. (2019). Transgender Health. Retrieved from https://www.amsa.org/advocacy/action-committees/gender-sexuality/transgender-health/. Level V
2.
City Information, Services and Programs. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://a816-healthpsi.nyc.gov/epiquery/NYCHANES/index.html. Level V
3.
Data Access and Dissemination Systems (DADS). (2010, October 5). American FactFinder - Results. Retrieved from
https://factfinder.census.gov/faces/tableservices/jsf/pages/productview.xhtml?src=CF. Level IV
1.
Fenway Health. (2019). USA Today Article Spotlights Transgender Health Discrepancies, Fenway’s Trans Health Program. Retrieved from
https://fenwayhealth.org/usa-today-article-spotlights-transgender-health-discrepancies-fenways-trans-health-program/. Level V
1.
Flores, A., Herman, J., Gates, G., Brown, T. (2016). How many adults identify as transgender in the United States. The Williams Institute. DOI:10.1111/jomf.12424. Level III
2.
Heydari, A., Khorashadizadeh, F. (2014). Pender’s health promotion model in research. Journal of Pakistan Medical Association, 64(9), 1067-74. Retrieved from
http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=cmedm&AN=25823190&site=ehost-live&scope=site. Level V
1.
James, S. E., Herman, J. L., Rankin, S., Keisling, M., Mottet, L., & Anafi, M. (2016). The Report of the 2015 U.S. Transgender Survey. Washington, DC: National Center for Transgender
Equality. Retrieved from https://www.transequality.org/sites/default/files/docs/USTS-Full-Report-FINAL.PDF. Level V
2.
Lambda Legal. (2014). Lambda Legal’s survey on discrimination against LGBT people and people living with HIV. When Health Care Isn’t Caring. Retrieved from
https://www.lambdalegal.org/sites/default/files/publications/downloads/whcic-report_wheN-health-care-isnt-caring.pdf. Level V
1.
Logie, C., Dias, L., Jenkinson, J., Newman, P., Mackenzie, R., Mothopeng, T., Madau, V., Ranotsi, A., Nhlengethwa, W., Baral, S. (2019). Exploring the potential of participatory
theatre to reduce stigma and promote health equity for lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) people in Swaziland and Lesotho. Health Education and Behavior, 46(1), 146-156.
DOI:10.1177/1090198118760682 journals.sagepub.com/home/heb. Level III
1.
National Center for Transgender Equality. (2019). U.S. transgender survey. Issues. Retrieved from https://transequality.org/issues/us-trans-survey. Level IV
2.
NYC. (2019). Resources for transgender and gender nonconforming people. NYC Health. Retrieved from https://www1.nyc.gov/site/doh/health/health-topics/transgender-resources.page. Level V
3.
Purdue Online Writing Lab. (n.d.). General Format. Retrieved from https://owl.purdue.edu/owl/research_and_citation/apa_style/apa_formatting_and_style_guide/general_format.html.
4.
Radix, A., Lelutiu-Weinberger, C., Gamarel, K. (2014). Satisfaction and healthcare utilization of transgender and gender non-conforming individuals in NYC: a community-based participatory
study. LGBT Health, 1(4). https://doi.org/10.1089/lgbt.2013.0042. Level III
5.
Reisner, S., White, J., Dunham, E., Heflin, K., Begenyi, J., Cahill, S. (2014). Discrimination and health in Massachusetts: a statewide survey of transgender non-conforming adults. Fenway
Health. Retrieved from fenwayfocus.org/2014/07/the-fenway-institute-mtpc-release-project-voice-report-on-transGender-discrimination-in-public-accommodations. Level V
6.
Sanchez NF, Sanchez JP, & Danoff A. (2009). Health care utilization, barriers to care, and hormone usage among male-to-female transgender persons in New York City. American
Journal of Public Health, 99(4), 713–719. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2007.13203. Level III
1.
U.S. Census Bureau QuickFacts: New York City, New York. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://www.census.gov/quickfacts/fact/table/newyorkcitynewyork/PST120218. Level IV
�
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Senior Presentations Archive
Description
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This archive contains materials from Wagner’s annual ‘Senior Presentations.’ This event honors outstanding students from each discipline who completed their Senior Learning Community project with excellence. The work is representative of Wagner’s highest standards, and is exemplary of the diversity of subject matter, public-facing scholarship, and civic-minded professionalism our students have attained through their four years here. These students were specially invited to present their work in a formal setting, traditionally the day of Baccalaureate. Students are encouraged to present their work in a format appropriate for their discipline, and so, the presentations vary in their format. Some might be in the form of a short video, or paper abstracts, while others might be posters or music clips. We expect this archive to serve as a resource for generations to come. Congratulations to our Seniors!
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Wagner College, Staten Island, NY
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2020
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Phytides, Kleo<br />Calcasola, Natalie
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Educating Healthcare Empolyees Can Decrease the Amount of Health Disparites Transgender Patients Eperince in NYC
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Evelyn L. Spiro School of Nursing
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Wagner College, Staten Island, NY
Nursing
-
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f3693bc0ec490d5e663ba4e84a65b1ac
PDF Text
Text
Gun Violence and its Effects on School Aged Children in Newtown, Connecticut
Aleksandra Kubrak WCSN, Alexa Burgalassi WCSN, Serena Lawerence WCSN
Wagner College Evelyn L. Spiro School of Nursing
Introduction
Problem in the Community
• Gun violence is an urgent, complex, and multifaceted problem
that needs to be addressed and it has become an
overwhelming issue that seems to have no answer in sight.
• This problem has become an unfortunate reality not only in
the streets, but as well as in schools around the country
thus leaving a worry in the back of every school age child,
every teacher, and every parents mind. The impact of gun
violence goes beyond those who are shot and killed.
• An estimated three million American children witness gun
violence every year, which can lead to poor performance in
school and serious physical and behavioral health issues later
in life (1).
Community Assessment and Analysis
(2)
•
•
•
•
The specific population to be focused on
are the children and school aged students
of Newtown (Fairfield County), Connecticut.
It is important to focus on those who have
been exposed or are at higher risk of
being exposed to gun violence; this younger
generation falls to the very vulnerable end
of the spectrum of victims of gun violence.
The community is predominantly white, with
le ss than 10% acco unting for other
ethnicities; 256 residents are foreign.
The current unemployment rate is 3.5%
within Newtown and recent job growth has
been negative with the consistent impact of
COVID-19.
Due to children being the population of
focu s, any eco no mic effects o n the
environment would be familial (I).
• The major issue our group identified is the effects of gun
violence in school aged children in Newtown, Connecticut. On
December 14th, 2012 at the Sandy Hook Elementary School
twenty year old Adam Lanza, shot and killed twenty-six people
including twenty children between the ages of six and seven,
and six adult staff members (3).
• The tragic events that took place in Newtown, Connecticut
started a much needed national conversation about gun violence
in school aged children.
• Sandy Hook stands out because of the large number of deaths in
a single incident, the nature of the premeditated act and the
characteristics of the victims; young, innocent, and defenseless.
• The shooting has been labeled as a “fundamentally different"
episode of gun violence (4). This tragedy became the second
deadliest school based shooting massacre in US history. The
aftermath became a tipping point in a national discussion
regarding potential solutions to curbing gun violence.
• Gun violence goes beyond the physical aspect of it; the mental
health effects are just as devastating. In the event of the
Sandy Hook Elementary School shooting, almost all direct
witnesses reported psychological symptoms. The National Center
for PTSD estimates that 28% of people who have witnessed a
mass shooting develop post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and
about a third develop acute stress disorder (5). Those who are
impacted by gun violence may experience stress, depression, and
anxiety along with PTSD.
• The psychiatric effects of gun violence in school aged children is
another national conversation that must be brought to light.
Although resources are already available in Newtown,
Connecticut for those who experienced the 2012 tragedy,
implementing a threat assessment program may be beneficial for
those in the community.
Proposed Solution
• A Threat Assessment Program would establish interventions
and activities to foster a safe environment for students to
receive their education.The development of this program
would keep students aware of potential threats and give them
resources to stay safe.
• The primary prevention for the program would be to develop
a campaign to help educate students and staff on how to
identify threats when near it. Those who have an increased
risk of hurting themselves or others often show signs before
an act of violence takes place.
• A secondary prevention would be a screening tool to identify
students who are at risk of committing violence. Professionals
would be trained in using a questionnaire to screen students
and identify which students are a potential threat to others.
• High risk students from the screening tool would be
recommended to join a group therapy for conflict
management. The group therapy is the tertiary prevention
component of our program.
• The key component of the threat assessment program would
be the collaborative approach. It would ensure that a
psychologist or a mental health nurse is available to students
on school premises. It serves as a critical resource for
students to have the opportunity to speak to a professional
one on one whenever needed. The school psychologist or
nurse will be among the first to know when students are
experiencing problems or when they are a potential threat to
others. They should guide students through the emotional and
behavioral problems that they may be facing (6).
References
1.
“CT Against Gun Violence.” n.d. CT Against Gun Violence. Accessed November 23, 2020. http://cagv.org/.
2.
“Census.Gov.” n.d. Accessed November 23, 2020. https://www.census.gov/.
3.
Levine, Phillip B., and Robin McKnight. 2017. “Firearms and Accidental Deaths: Evidence from the Aftermath of the Sandy Hook School Shooting.” Science 358 (6368): 1324–28. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aan8179.
4.
nShultz, James M, Glenn W Muschert, Alison Dingwall, and Alyssa M Cohen. 2013. “The Sandy Hook Elementary School Shooting as Tipping Point.” Disaster Health 1 (2): 65–73. https://doi.org/10.4161/dish.27113.
5.
“What Happens to the Survivors?” n.d. Https://Www.Apa.Org. Accessed November 14, 2020. https://www.apa.org/monitor/2018/09/survivors.
6.
“Keeping Our Schools Safe: A Plan for Preventing Mass Shootings and Ending All Gun Violence in American Schools.” n.d. Everytown Research & Policy. Accessed September 22, 2020. https://everytownresearch.org/report/a-plan-for-preventing-mass-shootings-and-ending-all-gun-violence-in-american-schools/.
�
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Senior Presentations Archive
Description
An account of the resource
This archive contains materials from Wagner’s annual ‘Senior Presentations.’ This event honors outstanding students from each discipline who completed their Senior Learning Community project with excellence. The work is representative of Wagner’s highest standards, and is exemplary of the diversity of subject matter, public-facing scholarship, and civic-minded professionalism our students have attained through their four years here. These students were specially invited to present their work in a formal setting, traditionally the day of Baccalaureate. Students are encouraged to present their work in a format appropriate for their discipline, and so, the presentations vary in their format. Some might be in the form of a short video, or paper abstracts, while others might be posters or music clips. We expect this archive to serve as a resource for generations to come. Congratulations to our Seniors!
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2017 -
Rights Holder
A person or organization owning or managing rights over the resource.
Wagner College, Staten Island, NY
Document
A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text.
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Poster
Date Digital
2021
Dublin Core
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2021_Nursing_Burgalassi-Kubrak-Lawrence
Creator
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Alexa Burgalassi
Aleksandra Kubrak
Serena Lawrence
Date
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5/1/2021
Title
A name given to the resource
Gun Violence and Its Effects on School Age Children in Newtown, Connecticut
Contributor
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Doris Korona /Josephine Marcantonio
Evelyn L. Spiro School of Nursing
Type
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text
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application/pdf
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1 page
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eng
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U.S. and international copyright laws may protect this work. It is provided by Wagner College for scholarly or research purposes only. Commercial use or distribution is not permitted without prior permission of the copyright holder.
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Wagner College, Staten Island, NY
Nursing
-
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64f94e079ab00d913fd7e94abb833cf9
PDF Text
Text
Health Disparities Among the LGBTQ in Lower Manhattan
Stephanie Matishek WCSN, Samantha Falcone WCSN, Kylee Gambal WCSN
Wagner College Evelyn L. Spiro School of Nursing
Background
● Sexual orientation is a sensitive matter in many
societies, it clashes between religion, morality, and
culture in different parts of the world
● The LGBTQ community form a significant portion of
NYC, Lower Manhattan.
● The LGBTQ forms a vital component of NYC’s social,
cultural and ecominc fabric with a historical center for
the gay rights movement.
● Progressive changes around gender and sexual
identities with trials to derive names or views that are
acceptable to society and enhance the coexistence.
● This community is subjected to health disparities
related to societal, discrimination, denial of human and
civil rights.
● The urgent need to address inequalities is opportunity
to provide nursing student with training to increase the
provision of culturally competent care.
Community Assessment
● Manhattan has the highest population in NYC, with
up to 1.6 million people. Currently there is no data
on how many people in NYC identify as LGBTQ.
● LGBT Health and Human Services Network
performed a study with 515 people:
-7% had poor or fair health
-19% experienced prolonged mental health
problems
-5% without insurance coverage
-15% could not access necessary healthcare
● In another survey by Scott (2017), participants
identified public transport as a site for unequal
treatment, while 21% believed they missed job
opportunities or fired because of gender or sexual
orientation.
● Even though there are difficulties collecting and
documenting data it is apparent that the frequency
of discrimination and stigmization subjects the
LGBTQ community to mental health illness and
coniditons, including depression and suicidal
behanviors.
Problem
● The LGBTQ community experiences health
disparities linked to social stigma, discrimination,
and denial of human and civil rights due to:
○ Lack of knowledge about the community
○ Societal ignorance of their health needs
● 1 in 5 transgender people are denied health
services because of their sexual orientation.
● >55% of the LGBTQ population faces discrimination
while seeking healthcare services.
● Most transgender individuals either postpone or
avoid seeking healthcare services to prevent
discrimination despite the problem’s urgency. This
contributes significantly to the prevalence of chronic
diseases and fatalities.
● The disparity leads to increased psychiatric
disorders, suicide, and substance abuse.
● Minorities face increased vulnerability to diseases
like HIV/AIDS as well as socioeconomic exclusion.
● The prevention of specialization of healthcare
providers in LGBTQ health related issues amplifies
inadequate health coverage.
Conclusion
● Addressing the health disparities would result
in increased physical and mental well-being,
reduce the cost of health care, reduce
disease transmission and progression, and
increase the longevity of the LGBTQ
community.
● By training nursing students on the health
needs of LGBTQ, sex education and
applying Leininger's theory offers a positive
impact on caring for this community. This
training will help the nurses gain a deeper
understanding of the LGBTQ community and
will reduce the gap and disparities.
● Therefore, more research on how to support
the community by empowering healthcare
systems to adopt their culture.
Proposed Solution
● The best solution will be education across the
continuum on nursing health care. Training
nursing students, training hospital nurses, and
training public health nurses.
● The best solution to addressing health care needs
is training nursing students on increasing care that
is culturally competent.
● Training nursing students and staff on effective
management of the communities health.
● Nurses should receive 1- hour educational
intervention on LGBTQ health.
● Nursing curriculum should factor the need for sex
education to the LGBTQ community.
● Information for parents on creating social
supportive structures, to eliminate the risk of
shame, emotional trauma, discrimination, fear or
anxiety.
● Creating awareness to the public on the
importance of appreciating the community.
● Empowering the community to speak up,
especially in seeking healthcare.
References
1. (Level 5) Scott, M. S., (2017) Results of a Survey of LGBTQ New
Yorkers. New York City Comptroller.
https://comptroller.nyc.gov/reports/results-of-a-survey-of-lgbtqnew-yorkers/
2. (Level 2) Healthy People. (2020). Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and
Transgender Health. Office of Disease Prevention and Health
Promotion. https://www.healthypeople.gov/2020/topicsobjectives/topic/lesbian-gay-bisexual-and -transgender-health
3. (Level 2) Göçmen, İ., & Yılmaz, V. (2017). Exploring perceived
discrimination among LGBT individuals in Turkey in education,
employment, and health care: Results of an online survey. Journal of
Homosexuality, 64( 8), 1052-1068.
4. (Level 4) World Health Organization. (2015). Ending violence and
discrimination against lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender and
intersex people UN statement.
https://www.who.int/hiv/pub/msm/un-statement-lgbti/en/
5. (Level 5) National LGBT Alliance, 2020.
https://www.lgbtihealth.org.au/statistics/ National LGBTQ Task Force.
6. http://www.thetaskforce.org/static_html/downloads/resources_and_to
ols/ntds_report_ on_health.pdf
�
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Senior Presentations Archive
Description
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This archive contains materials from Wagner’s annual ‘Senior Presentations.’ This event honors outstanding students from each discipline who completed their Senior Learning Community project with excellence. The work is representative of Wagner’s highest standards, and is exemplary of the diversity of subject matter, public-facing scholarship, and civic-minded professionalism our students have attained through their four years here. These students were specially invited to present their work in a formal setting, traditionally the day of Baccalaureate. Students are encouraged to present their work in a format appropriate for their discipline, and so, the presentations vary in their format. Some might be in the form of a short video, or paper abstracts, while others might be posters or music clips. We expect this archive to serve as a resource for generations to come. Congratulations to our Seniors!
Date
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2017 -
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Wagner College, Staten Island, NY
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Poster
Date Digital
2021
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2021_Nursing_Falcone-Gambal-Matishek
Creator
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Samantha Falcone
Kylee Gambal
Stephanie Matishek
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5/1/2021
Title
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Health Disparities Among the LGBTQ in Lower Manhattan
Contributor
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Doris Korona/Josephine Marcantonio
Evelyn L. Spiro School of Nursing
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text
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application/pdf
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1 page
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eng
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Wagner College, Staten Island, NY
Nursing